REVIEW: A General Overview of Omentin-1

Kübra GEÇMEZ CAHAN; Mahire BAYRAMOĞLU AKKOYUN

doi:10.5281/zenodo.17877156

Authors

Kübra GEÇMEZ CAHAN Siirt University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Basic Sciences, Siirt, Türkiye https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5862-652X
Mahire BAYRAMOĞLU AKKOYUN Siirt University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Basic Sciences, Siirt, Türkiye https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5150-5402

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17877156

Keywords:

Adipokine, Omentin, Systemic diseases

Abstract

Omentin-1, yakın zamanda tanımlanmış, 34 kDa ağırlığında ve 313 amino asitten oluşan bir salgı proteinidir. İntelektin-1 olarak da bilinen bu adipokin, başlıca visseral yağ dokusunun (özellikle omental ve epikardiyal) stromal-vasküler hücrelerinde sentezlenmekle birlikte, çeşitli organ ve dokularda da bulunur. ITLN-1 geni tarafından kodlanan omentin-1’in dolaşımdaki baskın form olduğu bilinmektedir. Katlanma ve olgunlaşma süreçleri endoplazmik retikulum ve Golgi aygıtında gerçekleşir; spesifik reseptörü henüz tanımlanmamış olmakla birlikte AMPK, Akt, eNOS, PPAR-δ, JAK2/STAT3 ve PI3K/Akt gibi birçok sinyal yolunu etkiler. Anti-inflamatuar, anti-aterosklerotik, kardiyoprotektif, antioksidan, insülin duyarlılığını artırıcı ve kemik koruyucu biyolojik aktivitelere sahiptir. Klinik olarak, obezite, tip 2 diyabet, polikistik over sendromu, metabolik sendrom ve bazı kardiyovasküler hastalıklar gibi durumlarda plazma omentin-1 seviyelerinin belirgin şekilde azaldığı gösterilmiştir. Omentin-1 düzeyleri, insülin direnci ve vücut yağlanması ile ters orantılıdır. Kardiyovasküler sistemde damar kalsifikasyonunu önleyici, vazodilatasyonu destekleyici ve kollateral damar gelişimini kolaylaştırıcı etkiler gösterir. Osteoartritte kıkırdak yıkımını azaltarak eklem sağlığını korur. Onkoloji alanında ise farklı kanser türleriyle ilişkisi kompleks olup, bazı gastrointestinal tümörlerde yüksek, meme ve over kanserinde düşük seviyeler bildirilmiştir. Bu derlemenin amacı, Omentin-1 hakkında genel bilgi sunmak, biyolojik fonksiyonlarını açıklamak ve hastalıklarla olan ilişkisini ortaya koyarak mevcut literatürü özetlemektir.

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